Oral frenula should not be regarded as mere anatomical remnants but as prognostic biomarkers of potential systemic relevance, requiring an individualized and synchronized interdisciplinary approach to achieve long-term orthodontic and functional stability.

Материалът Oral Frenula – Anatomical variations, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects with clinical significance in orthodontics е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.

Abstract: One method of creating space in the dental arch is the distalization of the posterior teeth. In the 1990s, the first appliances for anteroposterior tooth movement emerged. In 1992, Hilgers developed the first such appliance, called the Pendulum. He combined it with extraoral force, achieving highly effective distal movement. The aim of this study is to systematize information from the literature regarding dentoalveolar and skeletal changes resulting from maxillary molar distalization using dentoalveolar anchorage in non-growing patients, specifically with certain types of distalization appliances. The focus of the research was to examine the specific effects of the Carriere Motion ii appliance.

Materials and Methods: Using search engines such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, and the following keywords: Carriere Motion ii, maxillary molar distalization effect, secondary specific movements, anchorage in Carriere Motion ii, inclination of incisors, premolars, and molars, a total of 86 publications were identified. We selected 10 types of distalization appliances that function without skeletal anchorage. We systematized the tooth movements occurring in the posterior segment of the maxillary arch, the side effects in the anterior segment, and examined the presence of any movements in the mandibular arch. Additionally, we investigated whether skeletal changes were present during treatment with these appliances.

Results: The amount of distalization of the posterior teeth was measured in millimeters, along with the mesial movement of the upper premolars, protrusion of the upper incisors, and the angulation of the aforementioned teeth. Mandibular teeth movement associated with the use of the Carriere Motion ii appliance were also evaluated. Skeletal changes in the maxillary arch and the duration required to achieve the therapeutic effect were assessed.

Keywords: Carriere Motion ii, distalization effect of maxillary molars, secondary specific movements, anchorage in Carriere Motion ii, inclination of incisors, premolars, and molars.

Материалът A Systematic Review of the Dentoalveolar and Skeletal Aspects of Maxillary Molar Distalization Without Skeletal Anchorage in Non-Growing Patients е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.

Материалът Adult Orthodontics: Complex Orthodontic – Prosthetic and Orthodontic – Periodontal Treatment е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.

Материалът A Critical Analysis of the Demirjian and Willems Methods for Estimating Dental Age in Bulgarian Children е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.

Материалът Clinical evaluation of facial changes in patients treated with rapid maxillary expansion in mixed and permanent dentition е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.

Материалът Evolution of materials and technologies for aligner manufacturing – past, present, and future perspectives е публикуван за пръв път на Bulgarian Orthodontic Society.