Eволюция на материалите и технологиите за изработване на алайнери – минало, настояще и бъдещи перспективи

Съвременната дентална медицина преминава през технологична революция благодарение на напредъка в области като дигитално планиране, Cad/Cam (computer aided design and manufacturing – компютърно подпомогнат дизайн и производство) и изкуственият интелект, които радикално променят диагностичните и лечебните концепции. Тези иновации повлияха значително върху избора на лечебни средства в ортодонтията и изместването на фокуса от фиксираната техника към прозрачната снемаема апаратура – алайнери.

д-р Михаела Пернишка
София, ул. Атанас Далчев 5, бл.92
e-mail: mihaela.pernishka@gmail.com

1. Atta I., Bourauel C., Alkabani Y., Mohamed N., Kimbe H., Alhotan A., Ghoneima A., Elshazly T. (2024). Physiochemical and mechanical characterisation of orthodontic 3D printed aligner material made of shape memory polymers (4D aligner material). Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106337
2. Ballard R. SJJ. (1996). Air-rotor stripping with the Essix anterior anchor. J Clin Orthod, 30(7), 371–373.
3. Bichu Y.M., Alwafi A., Liu X., Andrews J., Ludwig B., Bichu A.Y., Zou B. (2023). Advances in orthodontic clear aligner materials. Bioactive Materials, 22, 384–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.006
4. Bucci R., Rongo R., Levatè C., Michelotti A., Barone S., Razionale A.V., D’Antò V. (2019). Thickness of orthodontic clear aligners after thermoforming and after 10 days of intraoral exposure: A prospective clinical study. Progress in Orthodontics, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-019-0289-6
5. Dalaie K., Fatemi S.M., Ghaffari S. (2021). Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of clear aligners after thermoforming and aging. Progress in Orthodontics, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00362-8
6. Fang D., Zhang N., Chen H., Bai Y. (2013). Dynamic stress relaxation of orthodontic thermoplastic materials in a simulated oral environment. Dental Materials Journal, 32(6), 946–951. https://doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2013-131
7. Girishkumar I., Jyothikiran H., Subbaiah P., Raghunath N., Ravi S. (2021). Current trends in 3D-printing technology and its applications in orthodontics – A review. International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science, 8(7), 3352–3361. https://doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000682
8. Golkhani B., Weber A., Keilig L., Reimann S., Bourauel C. (2022). Variation of the modulus of elasticity of aligner foil sheet materials due to thermoforming. Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics, 83(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-021-00327-w
9. Hennessy J., Al-Awadhi E.A. (2016). Clear aligners generations and orthodontic tooth movement. Journal of Orthodontics, 43(1), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1179/1465313315Y.0000000004
10. Jaya Prakash K., Srinivasa Prasad D. (2019). Advancements of 3D Printing Technology in Dentistry: A Review.
11. Kesling H.D. The Philosophy of the Tooth Positioning Appliance.
12. Lee S.Y., Kim H., Kim H.J., Chung C.J., Choi Y.J., Kim S.J., Cha J.Y. (2022). Thermo-mechanical properties of 3D printed photocurable shape memory resin for clear aligners. Scientific Reports, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09831-4
13. Maspero C., Tartaglia G.M. (2020). 3D printing of clear orthodontic aligners: Where we are and where we are going. Materials, 13(22), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13225204
14. Nakano H., Kato R., Kakami C., Okamoto H., Mamada K., Maki K. Development of Biocompatible Resins for 3D Printing of Direct Aligners.
15. Panayi N., Cha J.Y., Kim K.B. (2023). 3D Printed Aligners: Material Science, Workflow and Clinical Applications. Seminars in Orthodontics, 29(1), 25–33. https://doi.org/10.1053/J.SODO.2022.12.007
16. Panayi N.C. (2021). Consider material properties when selecting a resin for 3-dimensionally printed aligners. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 159(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.02.012
17. Panayi N.C. (2023). Directly Printed Aligner: Aligning with the Future. Turkish Journal of Orthodontics, 36(1), 62–69. https://doi.org/10.4274/turkjorthod.2023.2023.20
18. Park S.Y., Choi S.H., Yu H.S., Kim S.J., Kim H., Kim K.B., Cha J.Y. (2023). Comparison of translucency, thickness, and gap width of thermoformed and 3D-printed clear aligners using micro-CT and spectrophotometer. Scientific Reports, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-36851-5
19. Petrunov V. (2023). Digitalisation in Orthodontics. Revolution or Evolution. Sofia: Infodent-BG.
20. Pugalendhi A., Ranganathan R., Chandrasekaran M. (2019). Novel fabrication method for clear and hard tooth aligner through additive manufacturing technology: A pilot study. In: Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 28, 551–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.12.217
21. Ryu J.H., Kwon J.S., Jiang H.B., Cha J.Y., Kim K.M. (2018). Effects of thermoforming on the physical and mechanical properties of thermoplastic materials for transparent orthodontic aligners. Korean Journal of Orthodontics, 48(5), 316–325. https://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2018.48.5.316
22. Şeffaf Plak Üretimi, Sabahattin B.O.-İ. (2023). In-Office Aligner Fabrication. Dentistry Journal, 4, 42–51.
23. Sifakakis I., Zinelis S., Eliades T. (2016). Aligners for orthodontic applications. In: Orthodontic Applications of Biomaterials: A Clinical Guide. Elsevier, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100383-1.00018-7
24. Staderini E., Chiusolo G., Guglielmi F., Papi M., Perini G., Tepedino M., Gallenzi P. (2024). Effects of Thermoforming on the Mechanical, Optical, Chemical, and Morphological Properties of PET-G: In Vitro Study. Polymers, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16020203
25. Tartaglia G.M., Mapelli A., Maspero C., Santaniello T., Serafin M., Farronato M., Caprioglio A. (2021). Direct 3D printing of clear orthodontic aligners: Current state and future possibilities. Materials, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14071799
26. Zinelis S., Panayi N., Polychronis G., Papageorgiou S.N., Eliades T. (2022). Comparative analysis of mechanical properties of orthodontic aligners produced by different contemporary 3D printers. Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research, 25(3), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12537